方法对比

	解释性话语分析	批判性话语分析 (CDA)
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1980s–1990s	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)
提出者	Rooted in interpretivist social science; systematised by Norman Fairclough, Margaret Wetherell, and others	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak
类型	Qualitative interpretive research approach	Qualitative research method
开创性文献	Phillips, N., & Hardy, C. (2002). Discourse Analysis: Investigating Processes of Social Construction. Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761923343	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.
别名	IDA, interpretivist discourse analysis, discourse analysis (interpretive), meaning-focused discourse analysis	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis
相关	6	6
摘要	Interpretive discourse analysis is a qualitative approach that examines how language constructs social realities, identities, and meanings within specific contexts. Operating from an interpretivist epistemology, it treats texts and talk not as transparent windows onto the world but as active sites where meaning is negotiated, and it seeks to understand those meanings from the perspective of participants situated within their social and cultural worlds.	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.