方法对比

	综合评价	系统性文献综述
领域	科学计量学	科学计量学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2005 (updated methodology); roots in Cooper (1982)	1993 (Cochrane Collaboration); 2004 (Kitchenham SLR guidelines)
提出者	Robin Whittemore & Kathleen Knafl	Archie Cochrane (conceptual foundation); formalized by the Cochrane Collaboration (1993) and Barbara Kitchenham in software engineering (2004)
类型	Systematic review method	Evidence synthesis methodology
开创性文献	Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: Updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(5), 546–553.	Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for Performing Systematic Reviews. Keele University Technical Report TR/SE-0401.
别名	integrative literature review, integrative research review, ILR, integrative synthesis	SLR, systematic review, evidence synthesis review, structured literature review
相关	6	5
摘要	An integrative review is a systematic method for synthesising literature that allows the simultaneous inclusion of diverse study designs — experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental — as well as theoretical papers. Unlike the conventional systematic review, which is restricted to controlled trials or a single methodology, the integrative review builds a comprehensive understanding of a phenomenon by drawing on the full breadth of the relevant evidence base. The method follows a rigorous, structured pipeline to ensure transparency and minimise bias.	A systematic literature review (SLR) is a structured, reproducible method for identifying, appraising, and synthesizing all relevant studies on a research question. Unlike a narrative review, it follows an explicit, pre-specified protocol — from database search strings through inclusion criteria to data extraction — so that the process is transparent, auditable, and replicable by other researchers. It is widely used in medicine, education, software engineering, and the social sciences to produce the most comprehensive possible evidence base on a topic.