方法对比

	Input-Output Multiplier Analysis	Environmentally Extended Input-Output Analysis
领域	经济学	经济学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1936	1970
提出者	Wassily Leontief (multiplier formalization by Miller & Blair)	Wassily Leontief
类型	Linear impact-multiplier model derived from the Leontief inverse	Input-output model augmented with environmental satellite accounts
开创性文献	Miller, R. E., & Blair, P. D. (2009). Input-Output Analysis: Foundations and Extensions (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521739023	Leontief, W. (1970). Environmental repercussions and the economic structure: an input-output approach. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 52(3), 262–271.
别名	I-O Multipliers, Leontief Multipliers, Type I and Type II Multipliers, Output Multipliers	EEIO, Environmental Input-Output Analysis, Pollution Input-Output Model, Footprint Input-Output Analysis
相关	4	4
摘要	Input-output multiplier analysis converts the Leontief inverse into summary impact coefficients that answer how much total output, household income, or employment an economy generates per unit of final demand directed at a given sector. Building directly on Leontief's inter-industry accounting, it distinguishes the initial direct effect from the indirect supply-chain effect and, in the Type II form, the induced effect of household re-spending, yielding the multipliers that underpin most regional and project economic-impact studies.	Environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) analysis appends satellite accounts of physical environmental flows — greenhouse-gas emissions, energy, water, land, and materials — to a monetary input-output table so that environmental burdens can be allocated through supply chains to the final demand that ultimately drives them. By multiplying direct environmental-intensity coefficients by the Leontief inverse, EEIO computes the total burden embodied in each unit of final demand, providing the standard framework for consumption-based carbon footprints and emissions embodied in trade.