方法对比

	Input-Output Analysis	Social Accounting Matrix
领域	经济学	经济学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1936	1962
提出者	Wassily Leontief	Richard Stone; popularized by Graham Pyatt & Jeffery Round
类型	Linear inter-industry accounting and impact model	Comprehensive, square, double-entry accounting framework
开创性文献	Leontief, W. W. (1936). Quantitative input and output relations in the economic system of the United States. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 18(3), 105–125.	Pyatt, G., & Round, J. I. (Eds.). (1985). Social Accounting Matrices: A Basis for Planning. Washington, DC: The World Bank. ISBN: 9780821305508
别名	Leontief Model, Inter-Industry Analysis, I-O Analysis, Input-Output Model	SAM, Social Accounting Framework, SAM Multiplier Model
相关	4	3
摘要	Input-output analysis is a quantitative framework for representing the interdependence between the industries of an economy, introduced by Wassily Leontief in 1936. It records the flows of goods and services between sectors in a transactions table, derives fixed technical coefficients describing how much each industry buys from every other industry per unit of output, and inverts the resulting linear system to trace how an exogenous change in final demand ripples through the entire production structure.	A social accounting matrix (SAM) is a square, double-entry table that records all transactions among the production sectors, factors of production, institutions (households, firms, government), and the rest of the world in an economy for a given year. It extends the input-output table by closing the circular flow of income — connecting how value added becomes factor income, factor income becomes household income, and household income becomes demand — so that every account's receipts (its row) exactly equal its expenditures (its column).