方法对比

	Input-Output Analysis	移位-份额工具变量（Bartik工具变量）
领域	经济学	因果推断
方法族	Process / pipeline	Regression model
起源年份	1936	2020
提出者	Wassily Leontief	Bartik (1991); identification framework by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin & Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull & Jaravel (2022)
类型	Linear inter-industry accounting and impact model	Instrumental-variable design
开创性文献	Leontief, W. W. (1936). Quantitative input and output relations in the economic system of the United States. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 18(3), 105–125.	Goldsmith-Pinkham, P., Sorkin, I. & Swift, H. (2020). Bartik Instruments: What, When, Why, and How. American Economic Review, 110(8), 2586–2624.
别名	Leontief Model, Inter-Industry Analysis, I-O Analysis, Input-Output Model	Bartik instrument, shift-share instrument, Shift-Share Araç Değişkeni (Bartik Instrument)
相关	4	5
摘要	Input-output analysis is a quantitative framework for representing the interdependence between the industries of an economy, introduced by Wassily Leontief in 1936. It records the flows of goods and services between sectors in a transactions table, derives fixed technical coefficients describing how much each industry buys from every other industry per unit of output, and inverts the resulting linear system to trace how an exogenous change in final demand ripples through the entire production structure.	The shift-share instrumental variable, widely known as the Bartik instrument, is a causal-inference strategy that builds an instrument by interacting national or sector-level shocks (the shifts) with local composition weights (the shares). Its modern identification framework was set out by Goldsmith-Pinkham, Sorkin and Swift (2020) and Borusyak, Hull and Jaravel (2022).