方法对比

	Input-Output Analysis	Computable General Equilibrium
领域	经济学	经济学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1936	1960
提出者	Wassily Leontief	Leif Johansen; developed by Herbert Scarf, John Shoven & John Whalley
类型	Linear inter-industry accounting and impact model	Multi-market numerical equilibrium simulation model
开创性文献	Leontief, W. W. (1936). Quantitative input and output relations in the economic system of the United States. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 18(3), 105–125.	Shoven, J. B., & Whalley, J. (1992). Applying General Equilibrium. Cambridge Surveys of Economic Literature. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521319867
别名	Leontief Model, Inter-Industry Analysis, I-O Analysis, Input-Output Model	CGE Model, Applied General Equilibrium, AGE Model, Walrasian Simulation Model
相关	4	3
摘要	Input-output analysis is a quantitative framework for representing the interdependence between the industries of an economy, introduced by Wassily Leontief in 1936. It records the flows of goods and services between sectors in a transactions table, derives fixed technical coefficients describing how much each industry buys from every other industry per unit of output, and inverts the resulting linear system to trace how an exogenous change in final demand ripples through the entire production structure.	A computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is a numerical simulation of an entire economy in which optimizing producers and consumers interact through markets that all clear simultaneously. Building on Walras's general-equilibrium theory and a benchmark social accounting matrix, a CGE model is calibrated to reproduce a base-year economy and then solved for the new vector of prices and quantities that would prevail under a counterfactual policy — a tax reform, a tariff change, a carbon price — capturing how the shock reverberates and re-equilibrates across every market.