方法对比
并排查看您选择的方法；存在差异的行会高亮显示。
| 知情同意在研究中的应用× | 《赫尔辛基宣言》× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 研究伦理 | 研究伦理 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1947 | 1964 |
| 提出者≠ | Multiple (Nuremberg Code 1947 first principle; formalized in Belmont Report 1979, Declaration of Helsinki 1964; US Common Rule 45 CFR 46) | World Medical Association (WMA) |
| 类型≠ | Guideline | Framework |
| 开创性文献≠ | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Code of Federal Regulations Title 45, Part 46: Protection of Human Subjects. Federal Register. link ↗ | World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191–2194. link ↗ |
| 别名 | Research Consent, Informed Consent Process | DoH, Helsinki Declaration |
| 相关 | 4 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Informed consent is the cornerstone of ethical human subjects research, requiring researchers to disclose material information about a study and obtain voluntary agreement from subjects before participation. Established as the first principle of the Nuremberg Code (1947) and formalized in subsequent ethical frameworks (Declaration of Helsinki 1964, Belmont Report 1979), informed consent protects subject autonomy, enables risk-benefit assessment, and creates accountability. Effective informed consent requires far more than obtaining a signature—it demands clear communication, genuine comprehension, and authentic voluntariness. | The Declaration of Helsinki (1964) is the foundational international ethical code for medical research involving human subjects, established by the World Medical Association. It extended earlier principles (Nuremberg Code 1947) to include therapeutic research and formalized the physician's ethical duty to prioritize subject welfare. Updated nine times through 2013, it remains the standard adopted by major medical journals, research ethics committees, and regulatory bodies worldwide. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
|
|