方法对比

	异质性处理效应匹配估计器	粗化精确匹配 (CEM)
领域	因果推断	因果推断
方法族	Regression model	Regression model
起源年份	1997-2006	2011-2012
提出者	Heckman, Ichimura & Todd; Abadie & Imbens	Iacus, King, & Porro
类型	Causal inference / nonparametric matching	Matching / causal inference
开创性文献	Heckman, J. J., Ichimura, H., & Todd, P. E. (1997). Matching as an Econometric Evaluation Estimator: Evidence from Evaluating a Job Training Programme. Review of Economic Studies, 64(4), 605-654.	Iacus, S. M., King, G., & Porro, G. (2012). Causal Inference without Balance Checking: Coarsened Exact Matching. Political Analysis, 20(1), 1-24.
别名	HTE matching, subgroup matching estimator, conditional matching estimator, CATE matching	CEM, coarsened matching, monotonic imbalance bounding matching
相关	6	6
摘要	The Heterogeneous Treatment Effect (HTE) Matching Estimator extends standard matching to recover how treatment impacts differ across subgroups or covariate values. Rather than reporting a single average treatment effect, it pairs treated and control units on observed characteristics and then estimates the conditional average treatment effect (CATE) as a function of those characteristics — revealing who benefits most, least, or not at all.	Coarsened Exact Matching is a preprocessing method that achieves covariate balance by temporarily coarsening continuous variables into bins, exactly matching treated and control units within those bins, and then discarding all unmatched units. Introduced by Iacus, King, and Porro (2011, 2012), it bounds imbalance on each covariate independently, yielding a matched sample on which any estimator can be applied without relying on a propensity score model.