方法对比

	Healthy Life Expectancy	Multistate Life Table
领域	人口学	人口学
方法族	Survival analysis	Survival analysis
起源年份	1971	1975
提出者	Daniel F. Sullivan (Sullivan method); developed by the WHO/REVES tradition	Andrei Rogers, Robert Schoen and collaborators
类型	Health-expectancy estimator partitioning life expectancy into healthy and unhealthy years	Nonparametric life table with multiple living states and transitions
开创性文献	Sullivan, D. F. (1971). A single index of mortality and morbidity. HSMHA Health Reports, 86(4), 347–354.	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
别名	HALE, Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy, Disability-Free Life Expectancy	Increment-Decrement Life Table, Multiple-State Life Table, Multistate Demography, Çok Durumlu Yaşam Tablosu
相关	4	4
摘要	Healthy life expectancy partitions ordinary life expectancy into the years a person can expect to live in good health and the years expected to be lived with disability or ill health. Building on the life table, the classic Sullivan method weights each age interval's person-years by the prevalence of good health, so the resulting expectancy answers not just 'how long will people live?' but 'how many of those years will be healthy?'. It has become a headline summary of population health, reported by the World Health Organization as HALE and tracked alongside life expectancy to judge whether longer lives are also healthier lives.	The multistate life table, also called the increment-decrement life table, generalizes the ordinary life table to populations that move among several living states — such as healthy and disabled, married and unmarried, or employed and unemployed — as well as the absorbing state of death. Using age-specific transition rates organized in matrices, it tracks the flows of a synthetic cohort among states and yields state-specific expectancies, such as the years a person can expect to spend healthy versus disabled.