方法对比

	健康信念模型量表	多维度健康控制点量表
领域	健康行为	健康行为
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1966	1978
提出者	Marshall H. Rosenstock	Barbara S. Wallston, Kenneth A. Wallston, and Robert DeVellis
类型	Self-report questionnaire	Self-report questionnaire
开创性文献	Rosenstock, I. M. (1966). Why people use health services. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 44(3), 94-127.	Wallston, B. S., Wallston, K. A., & DeVellis, R. (1978). Development of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scales. Health Education Monographs, 6(2), 160-170.
别名	HBM Scale, HBM-Q	MHLC, Health Locus of Control
相关	3	3
摘要	The Health Belief Model (HBM) is a foundational psychological framework developed by Marshall Rosenstock in 1966 to predict and explain preventive health behavior. Based on the central premise that people take health action to avoid illness when they perceive susceptibility to a health threat and believe that taking action will reduce that threat at an acceptable cost, the HBM measures four core constructs: Perceived Susceptibility, Perceived Severity, Perceived Benefits, and Perceived Barriers. The model also incorporates 'Cues to Action' (external triggers) and 'Self-Efficacy' (added later). HBM is extensively used in research on disease prevention, health screening uptake, medication adherence, and vaccine acceptance.	The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) is an 18-item measure developed by Wallston, Wallston, and DeVellis (1978) to assess individual differences in health-related beliefs about the locus of control—that is, to whom or what people attribute responsibility for their health. The MHLC measures three dimensions: Internal control (belief that health is determined by one's own actions and responsibility), Powerful Others control (belief that health is determined by healthcare providers, family, or powerful authority figures), and Chance control (belief that health is determined by fate, luck, or uncontrollable events). These beliefs profoundly influence health behavior engagement, treatment adherence, and response to health information. The MHLC is widely used in health behavior research, patient education evaluation, and clinical practice to understand how beliefs about health control shape behavior and to tailor communication styles.