方法对比

	HDBSCAN	在线高斯混合模型	在线K均值聚类 (Online K-means)
领域	机器学习	机器学习	机器学习
方法族	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
起源年份	2013	2000–2009	1967 (online update rule); 2010 (mini-batch variant)
提出者	Campello, R. J. G. B.; Moulavi, D.; Sander, J.	Cappé, O. & Moulines, E. (online EM formulation)	MacQueen, J. (batch); Sculley, D. (mini-batch web-scale variant)
类型	Hierarchical density-based clustering	Probabilistic clustering / density estimation (incremental)	Unsupervised clustering (online/streaming)
开创性文献	Campello, R. J. G. B., Moulavi, D., & Sander, J. (2013). Density-Based Clustering Based on Hierarchical Density Estimates. In J. Pei et al. (Eds.), Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. PAKDD 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7819 (pp. 160–172). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.	Cappé, O. & Moulines, E. (2009). On-line expectation-maximization algorithm for latent data models. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B, 71(3), 593–613.	MacQueen, J. (1967). Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observations. In Proceedings of the Fifth Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, Vol. 1, pp. 281–297. University of California Press.
别名	HDBSCAN, Hierarchical DBSCAN, hierarchical density-based clustering, HDBSCAN*	Online GMM, Incremental GMM, Streaming Gaussian Mixture Model, Sequential GMM	sequential k-means, streaming k-means, incremental k-means, online clustering
相关	3	5	4
摘要	HDBSCAN (Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) is a density-based clustering algorithm introduced by Campello, Moulavi, and Sander in 2013. It extends DBSCAN by building a full hierarchy of density-based clusters across all density scales and then extracting a stable flat partition, making it robust to datasets where cluster densities vary substantially across regions.	Online Gaussian Mixture Model adapts the classic GMM to streaming or large-scale data by replacing full-batch EM with incremental updates — processing one observation or mini-batch at a time and continuously refining component means, covariances, and mixing weights without revisiting the entire dataset.	Online K-means is a streaming variant of the classical K-means algorithm that updates cluster centroids one observation at a time — or in small mini-batches — without storing the entire dataset in memory. It is particularly suited to large-scale, real-time, or continuously arriving data where batch recomputation would be too slow or impractical.