方法对比

	汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAM-A)	老年抑郁量表 (GDS)	医院焦虑抑郁量表 (HADS)
领域	临床心理学	临床心理学	临床心理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1959	1982	1983
提出者	Max Hamilton	Jerome A. Yesavage, Terry L. Brink, and colleagues	Andrew S. Zigmond and Richard P. Snaith
类型	Clinician-administered anxiety assessment	Age-appropriate depression screening	Anxiety and depression screening in medical populations
开创性文献	Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32(1), 50-55.	Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: A preliminary report. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 17(1), 37-49.	Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.
别名	HAM-A, HARS	GDS, GDS-15, GDS-30	HADS, HADS-A, HADS-D
相关	5	5	4
摘要	The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) is a clinician-administered assessment tool for quantifying the severity of anxiety symptoms in adults. Developed by Max Hamilton in 1959, it remains one of the most widely used instruments for evaluating anxiety in clinical and research settings. The scale measures both psychological and somatic manifestations of anxiety across 14 items.	The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a 30-item self-report depression screening instrument specifically designed for older adults. Developed by Yesavage, Brink, and colleagues in 1982, the GDS addresses the unique presentation of depression in aging populations, where symptoms may differ from younger adults. A validated 15-item short form (GDS-15) is widely used in primary care and community settings for rapid screening.	The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may confound assessment. It remains the standard anxiety-depression measure in medical, oncology, and cardiac populations worldwide.