方法对比

	扎根理论	解释现象学	叙事探究
领域	质性研究	质性	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1967	Philosophical roots 1927 (Heidegger); systematic research method from 1980s–1990s	2000
提出者	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	Martin Heidegger (philosophical foundation); Max van Manen (methodological application)	D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly
类型	Method	Qualitative research method	Method
开创性文献	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	van Manen, M. (1990). Researching Lived Experience: Human Science for an Action Sensitive Pedagogy. State University of New York Press. ISBN: 978-0791404645	Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass.
别名	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	Heideggerian phenomenology, interpretive phenomenology, hermeneutic inquiry, van Manen phenomenology	Narrative Analysis, Narrative Research, Life Story Method
相关	3	6	3
摘要	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Hermeneutic phenomenology is a qualitative research approach that investigates the interpreted meaning of lived experience from within the existential conditions that shape it. Rooted in Heidegger's ontology and developed as an empirical method by Max van Manen, it does not seek to bracket or suspend the researcher's understanding but instead treats that understanding as the very medium through which the meaning of experience can be disclosed. The approach is widely used in education, nursing, and social sciences to explore how people dwell in, and make sense of, their world.	Narrative inquiry is a qualitative research methodology that treats stories and life narratives as primary data, analyzing how individuals construct meaning and identity through storytelling. Developed by D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly (2000), narrative inquiry examines the narratives people tell about their lives, experiences, and transitions, understanding that people make sense of experience through narrative.