方法对比

	功能独立性测量	六分钟步行试验
领域	物理治疗	物理治疗
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1984	1985
提出者	Carl Granger and Byron Hamilton	Gordon Guyatt and colleagues
类型	Outcome measurement scale	Performance-based test
开创性文献	Granger, C. V., Hamilton, B. B., Keith, R. A., Zielezny, M., & Sherwin, F. S. (1986). Advances in functional assessment for medical rehabilitation. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 1(3), 59-74.	Guyatt, G. H., Sullivan, M. J., Thompson, P. J., Fallen, E. L., Pugsley, S. O., Taylor, D. W., & Berman, L. B. (1985). The 6-minute walk: A new measure of exercise tolerance in patients with chronic heart failure. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 132(8), 919-923.
别名	FIM, FIM+FAM	6MWT, 6-minute walk test
相关	3	3
摘要	The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) is an 18-item standardized assessment of functional status and disability that measures the level of assistance required for activities of daily living (ADLs) and mobility in individuals with disabilities. Developed by Granger and Hamilton in the 1980s, the FIM has become a standard outcome measure in rehabilitation medicine, enabling comparison across facilities and tracking recovery progress from admission through discharge.	The Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is a submaximal exercise assessment measuring the total distance a person can walk in six minutes at a self-selected pace. Developed by Guyatt and colleagues in 1985, the 6MWT has become the standard submaximal functional exercise test for patients with cardiopulmonary disease, quantifying exercise tolerance and predicting outcomes in conditions ranging from chronic heart failure to pulmonary hypertension to neuromuscular disorders.