方法对比

	焦点小组研究	叙事分析
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1940s (sociological origin); modern applied form from the 1980s–1990s	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
提出者	Robert K. Merton (sociological precursor, 1940s); popularised in applied research by Richard A. Krueger	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
类型	Qualitative data collection method	Qualitative interpretive method
开创性文献	Krueger, R.A. & Casey, M.A. (2014). Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research (5th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483365244	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
别名	focus group discussion, FGD, group interview, Odak Grup Araştırması	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
相关	6	6
摘要	Focus group research is a qualitative data-collection method in which a trained moderator guides structured discussions with homogeneous groups of six to ten participants to explore ideas, attitudes, and perceptions on a defined topic. Developed from sociological roots in the 1940s and systematised for applied research by Krueger and Casey, the method leverages group interaction as a data source — revealing not just what people think, but how they negotiate and articulate views in a social setting.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.