方法对比

	费舍尔精确检验	麦克尼马尔检验
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1922	1947
提出者	R. A. Fisher	Quinn McNemar
类型	Exact test of independence for categorical data	Nonparametric test for paired binary data
开创性文献	Fisher, R. A. (1922). On the interpretation of chi-squared from contingency tables, and the calculation of P. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 85(1), 87–94.	McNemar, Q. (1947). Note on the sampling error of the difference between correlated proportions or percentages. Psychometrika, 12(2), 153–157.
别名	Fisher-Irwin test, exact test of independence, Fisher'ın Kesin Testi	McNemar chi-square test, test for correlated proportions, paired binary test, McNemar Testi
相关	2	5
摘要	Fisher's exact test is a nonparametric exact-probability test of independence for small-sample contingency tables, introduced by R. A. Fisher in 1922. Rather than relying on a large-sample approximation, it computes the exact probability of the observed table directly from the hypergeometric distribution.	McNemar's test is a nonparametric hypothesis test that compares two paired (correlated) binary proportions, such as a yes/no measurement taken on the same subjects before and after an intervention. It was introduced by Quinn McNemar in 1947 and works on the 2×2 table of matched outcomes.