方法对比

	基于实地的典型案例抽样	典型案例抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1980s–1990s	1980s (systematized in Patton 1990/2002)
提出者	Michael Quinn Patton; Miles & Huberman	Michael Quinn Patton
类型	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy
开创性文献	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711
别名	field typical case sampling, in-person typical case sampling, fieldwork typical case selection, on-site typical case sampling	typical case selection, modal case sampling, representative case sampling, average case sampling
相关	5	5
摘要	Field-based typical case sampling is a purposive qualitative strategy in which the researcher selects and studies cases that represent the ordinary, average, or most common instance of a phenomenon — and conducts data collection through direct fieldwork such as in-person observation, site visits, and face-to-face interviews. The combination ensures that findings portray what the phenomenon looks like under real-world, everyday conditions rather than through self-reports or online proxies.	Typical case sampling is a purposive strategy in which the researcher deliberately selects cases that represent what is ordinary, normal, or most common within a target group. Rather than seeking outliers or the widest possible variation, the goal is to illustrate and communicate what a typical experience, program, or phenomenon looks like to stakeholders or audiences unfamiliar with it. The strategy is widely used in qualitative evaluation research and program reporting.