方法对比

	基于实地的项目评估	参与式项目评估
领域	田野方法	田野方法
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1980s (field methods integration with evaluation practice)	1992 (formal articulation); roots in participatory action research of the 1970s–1980s
提出者	Michael Q. Patton; Peter H. Rossi and Howard E. Freeman	J. Bradley Cousins & Lorna Earl (formalization); Michael Q. Patton (utilization-focused lineage)
类型	Applied evaluation research	Applied evaluation approach
开创性文献	Rossi, P. H., Lipsey, M. W., & Freeman, H. E. (2004). Evaluation: A Systematic Approach (7th ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761908944	Cousins, J. B., & Earl, L. M. (1992). The case for participatory evaluation. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 14(4), 397–418.
别名	naturalistic program evaluation, field evaluation, on-site program evaluation, field-based evaluation	participatory evaluation, collaborative evaluation, PE, stakeholder-involved evaluation
相关	6	3
摘要	Field-based program evaluation is an applied research method that assesses the implementation, outcomes, and value of a program by collecting data directly in the natural setting where the program operates. Rather than relying solely on administrative records or remote surveys, evaluators embed themselves in the field — observing activities, interviewing stakeholders on-site, and reviewing context-specific documents — to produce evidence-grounded judgments about program merit and worth.	Participatory program evaluation is an applied evaluation approach in which program stakeholders — staff, participants, funders, or community members — are actively involved as co-evaluators rather than passive subjects. By engaging those closest to the program in designing questions, collecting data, and interpreting findings, the approach aims to increase both the quality of the evaluation and the likelihood that findings will be understood, owned, and acted upon.