方法对比

	现场文档分析	案例研究	内容分析
领域	质性	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1980s (codified in qualitative research methodology)	1984 (seminal codification)	Systematised through Krippendorff's methodology work; 4th edition 2018
提出者	Rooted in ethnographic fieldwork traditions; systematised in qualitative education research by Bogdan & Biklen and Hammersley & Atkinson	Robert K. Yin (systematised in Case Study Research, 1984)	Klaus Krippendorff (systematic formulation); roots in early 20th-century communications research
类型	Qualitative research strategy	Qualitative research design	Qualitative / mixed-method research technique
开创性文献	Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods (5th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0205483655	Yin, R.K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506395661
别名	FBDA, field document analysis, naturalistic document analysis, ethnographic document analysis	Vaka Çalışması (Case Study), case study design, case study methodology	İçerik Analizi, systematic content coding, quantitative content analysis
相关	6	5	5
摘要	Field-based document analysis is a qualitative strategy in which the researcher enters a real-world setting — a school, clinic, organisation, or community — and systematically collects, authenticates, and analyses documents that are naturally produced and used there. Unlike library-based or archival document analysis, the field context is integral: the researcher observes how documents function in practice, who produces and reads them, and what organisational or cultural work they perform. The approach is widely used in ethnographic, case-study, and institutional research.	Case study research is a qualitative research design that investigates a specific phenomenon, individual, group, organisation, or event in depth within its real-world context. Systematised by Robert K. Yin in 1984, it supports single-case and multiple-case designs and draws on multiple data sources — interviews, observation, documents, and artefacts — to build a rich, contextualised account of a bounded unit.	Content analysis is a systematic research technique for reducing text, visual, or media material into coded categories so that patterns can be counted, compared, and interpreted. Formalised by Klaus Krippendorff in his widely cited methodology textbook (latest edition 2018), the method sits at the boundary of qualitative and quantitative inquiry: it imposes structured, replicable coding on inherently meaning-laden material.