方法对比

	基于现场的案例研究	多案例研究
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1990s (formalized by Yin 1984, Stake 1995)	1980s–1990s (Yin's first edition 1984; Stake's collective case study concept 1995)
提出者	Robert Yin, Robert Stake (case study formalization); field-based tradition rooted in anthropological and sociological fieldwork	Robert K. Yin (systematic replication logic); Robert E. Stake (naturalistic/collective case tradition)
类型	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
开创性文献	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169
别名	fieldwork case study, naturalistic case study, in-situ case study, field case study	comparative case study, multi-site case study, collective case study, cross-case analysis
相关	6	6
摘要	A field-based case study is a qualitative research design that investigates a bounded phenomenon — a case — within its real-world, natural setting through sustained on-site data collection. Combining the analytical structure of case study methodology with the direct observational immersion of fieldwork, it enables rich, context-sensitive understanding of how phenomena unfold in practice. The approach is firmly grounded in the frameworks of Robert Yin and Robert Stake and draws on anthropological traditions of participant and non-participant observation.	Multiple-case study design investigates two or more bounded real-world cases using the same research protocol, then compares findings across cases to identify patterns, contrasts, and explanatory insights that a single case could not produce. Developed primarily through Robert Yin's replication logic and Robert Stake's collective case tradition, the approach is particularly powerful when a researcher needs to determine whether a phenomenon occurs under varied conditions or to test an emerging theoretical explanation against rival contexts.