方法对比

	基于现场的案例研究	民族志
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1990s (formalized by Yin 1984, Stake 1995)	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
提出者	Robert Yin, Robert Stake (case study formalization); field-based tradition rooted in anthropological and sociological fieldwork	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
类型	Qualitative research design	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
开创性文献	Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506336169	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
别名	fieldwork case study, naturalistic case study, in-situ case study, field case study	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
相关	6	5
摘要	A field-based case study is a qualitative research design that investigates a bounded phenomenon — a case — within its real-world, natural setting through sustained on-site data collection. Combining the analytical structure of case study methodology with the direct observational immersion of fieldwork, it enables rich, context-sensitive understanding of how phenomena unfold in practice. The approach is firmly grounded in the frameworks of Robert Yin and Robert Stake and draws on anthropological traditions of participant and non-participant observation.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.