方法对比
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| 析因前测后测实验设计× | 所罗门四组设计× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 实验设计 | 实验设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1963 (canonical formalization) | 1949 |
| 提出者≠ | Codified by Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley | Richard L. Solomon |
| 类型 | True experimental design | True experimental design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally. link ↗ | Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | factorial pre-post design, factorial repeated-measures pretest-posttest design, multi-factor pretest-posttest design, FPPD | Solomon design, four-group design, Solomon four-group control design, S4GD |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | A factorial pretest-posttest experimental design combines the simultaneous manipulation of two or more independent variables (factors) with measurement of the dependent variable both before and after treatment. This structure allows researchers to assess the main effect of each factor, all possible interaction effects between factors, and the magnitude of change from pretest to posttest — all within a single, fully randomised experiment. | The Solomon Four-Group Design extends the classic pretest-posttest control-group design by adding two groups that receive no pretest, enabling researchers to detect whether the pretest itself alters participants' responses to the treatment. Introduced by Richard L. Solomon in 1949, it remains the gold standard for isolating the independent effect of a pretest and for obtaining unbiased estimates of treatment efficacy. |
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