方法对比

	析因多臂试验	分数析因实验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1926 (factorial basis); multi-arm factorial trials formalized 1980s–1990s	1945 (Finney); broader development 1950s–1970s by Box, Hunter
提出者	R. A. Fisher (factorial foundations); multi-arm extension established in clinical trial methodology	D. J. Finney (formal development); foundations in Ronald Fisher's factorial design work
类型	Experimental design	Quantitative experimental design
开创性文献	Montgomery, D. C. (2017). Design and Analysis of Experiments (9th ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-1119492443	Box, G. E. P., Hunter, J. S., & Hunter, W. G. (2005). Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery (2nd ed.). Wiley-Interscience. ISBN: 978-0471718130
别名	multi-arm factorial trial, factorial multi-arm trial, multi-arm factorial experiment, MAFT	fractional factorial design, FFD, 2^(k-p) design, fractional replication
相关	6	4
摘要	A factorial multi-arm experiment simultaneously tests multiple factors (each at two or more levels) by assigning participants to distinct arms that represent unique combinations of those factors. This design efficiently estimates the independent main effects of each factor and their interactions, all within a single study — making it far more informative than running separate one-factor experiments.	A fractional factorial experiment is a resource-efficient experimental design that tests only a carefully chosen fraction of all possible factor-level combinations. By exploiting the principle that high-order interactions are usually negligible, it identifies the main effects and low-order interactions of k factors using far fewer runs than a full factorial design — making it the workhorse of industrial and engineering screening experiments.