方法对比

	因子田间试验	分数析因实验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1920s–1935 (Fisher's foundational work); widely applied through 20th century	1945 (Finney); broader development 1950s–1970s by Box, Hunter
提出者	Ronald A. Fisher (factorial principle); extended to field settings in agricultural and social sciences	D. J. Finney (formal development); foundations in Ronald Fisher's factorial design work
类型	Experimental design	Quantitative experimental design
开创性文献	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.	Box, G. E. P., Hunter, J. S., & Hunter, W. G. (2005). Statistics for Experimenters: Design, Innovation, and Discovery (2nd ed.). Wiley-Interscience. ISBN: 978-0471718130
别名	factorial design in the field, field factorial design, multi-factor field trial, factorial field trial	fractional factorial design, FFD, 2^(k-p) design, fractional replication
相关	5	4
摘要	A factorial field experiment applies factorial experimental design — simultaneously manipulating two or more independent factors across all combinations of their levels — in a real-world field setting rather than a controlled laboratory. It allows researchers to estimate both main effects and interaction effects of multiple factors on an outcome under ecologically valid conditions, making findings directly relevant to practice.	A fractional factorial experiment is a resource-efficient experimental design that tests only a carefully chosen fraction of all possible factor-level combinations. By exploiting the principle that high-order interactions are usually negligible, it identifies the main effects and low-order interactions of k factors using far fewer runs than a full factorial design — making it the workhorse of industrial and engineering screening experiments.