方法对比

	阶乘对照组实验设计	对照组实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1926–1935	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)
提出者	Ronald A. Fisher	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley
类型	Experimental design	Experimental research design
开创性文献	Fisher, R. A. (1935). The Design of Experiments. Oliver and Boyd.	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
别名	factorial controlled experiment, factorial design with control, factorial RCT with control arm, multi-factor controlled experiment	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design
相关	6	4
摘要	A factorial control group experimental design crosses two or more independent variables (factors) in a fully factorial structure while including at least one condition that serves as a no-treatment or standard-treatment control. This allows researchers to simultaneously estimate the main effect of each factor, their interactions, and the size of those effects relative to a meaningful baseline, maximising both causal precision and experimental efficiency.	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.