方法对比

	事件相关电位分析	eLORETA	相位锁定值
领域	神经影像	神经影像	神经影像
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1969	2002	1999
提出者	George Sutherland	Roberto D. Pascual-Marqui	Jean-Philippe Lachaux
类型	Time-locked EEG analysis pipeline	EEG/MEG source localization algorithm	EEG/MEG functional connectivity analysis
开创性文献	Luck, S. J. (2005). An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique. MIT Press.	Pascual-Marqui, R. D. (2002). Standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA): technical details. Methods & Findings in Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, 24(S-D), 5–12.	Lachaux, J. P., Rodriguez, E., Martinerie, J., & Varela, F. J. (1999). Measuring phase synchrony in brain signals. Human Brain Mapping, 8(4), 194–208.
别名	ERP, evoked potential, averaged EEG	Exact LORETA, eLORETA source reconstruction	PLV, phase synchronization, phase coupling
相关	3	2	3
摘要	Event-Related Potential (ERP) analysis is a method for extracting stereotyped brain electrical responses time-locked to stimulus presentation or behavioral events from EEG recordings. Formalized in the cognitive neuroscience literature by researchers including Sutherland and Picton, ERP analysis enables millisecond-level temporal resolution of neural processing and has become foundational for studying perception, attention, memory, and decision-making.	Exact Low-Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA) is a non-parametric solution to the inverse problem in EEG and MEG source localization. Developed by Roberto D. Pascual-Marqui in 2002, eLORETA reconstructs three-dimensional maps of electrical brain activity from scalp electrode recordings, offering zero localization error under ideal noise-free conditions.	Phase-Locking Value (PLV) is a frequency-domain measure of neural synchronization that quantifies the stability of phase difference between two signals. Introduced by Lachaux and colleagues in 1999, PLV detects phase coupling between brain regions independent of signal amplitude, enabling researchers to characterize functional connectivity from EEG and MEG recordings.