方法对比

	评估导向的定量优先混合方法设计	多层次混合方法设计
领域	研究设计	研究设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2003–2011	Late 1990s–2000s
提出者	Teddlie & Tashakkori; Creswell & Plano Clark	Bonnie Nastasi, John Hitchcock, and collaborators; systematized by Creswell & Plano Clark
类型	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
开创性文献	Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A. (2009). Foundations of Mixed Methods Research: Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches in the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Sage. ISBN: 978-0761930129	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1483357829
别名	QUAN-priority evaluation mixed methods, quantitative-dominant evaluation design, evaluation mixed methods with quantitative priority, QUAN-priority eval MMR	multilevel MMR, nested mixed methods, hierarchical mixed methods design, cross-level mixed methods
相关	6	5
摘要	An evaluation-oriented quantitative-priority mixed methods design applies mixed methods inquiry within an evaluation context, where the primary purpose is judging a program, policy, or intervention. Quantitative data carry the greater evidential weight — measuring outcomes, effectiveness, and reach — while qualitative data serve as a secondary, explanatory strand that contextualizes and deepens interpretation of the quantitative findings.	Multilevel mixed methods design is a research approach that collects and integrates both quantitative and qualitative data at two or more distinct levels of a social or organizational hierarchy — for example, individuals nested within classrooms, classrooms within schools, or patients within healthcare teams. By pairing quantitative measurement of outcomes at one level with qualitative exploration of meaning at another, researchers gain a richer, more complete picture than either strand alone could provide.