方法对比

	等权重多层级混合方法设计	探索性序列混合方法设计
领域	研究设计	研究设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000s–2010s	1990s–2000s (codified by ~2007)
提出者	Tashakkori & Teddlie; Creswell & Plano Clark	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark
类型	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
开创性文献	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379
别名	QUAN+QUAL multilevel design, equal-status multilevel mixed methods, balanced multilevel mixed methods, equal-priority multilevel mixed methods	QUAL → QUAN design, exploratory sequential design, instrument-development design, theory-building mixed methods
相关	6	6
摘要	Equal-weight multilevel mixed methods is a mixed methods design in which quantitative and qualitative data strands are collected at two or more distinct levels of a social system — such as students, classrooms, and schools — and both strands carry equal analytic priority. The QUAN+QUAL notation (where '+' signals equal weight) is applied across each level, and integration occurs both within and between levels to build a comprehensive, multi-perspectival understanding.	The exploratory sequential mixed methods design is a two-phase research framework in which a qualitative phase is conducted first to explore a poorly understood phenomenon, and the findings then inform a subsequent quantitative phase — typically to develop and test a survey instrument, measure a theory, or generalize qualitative insights to a larger population. The qualitative strand guides what is measured; the quantitative strand tests or extends those findings at scale.