方法对比

	EJ Screening Index (EJScreen-Style)	Livelihood Vulnerability Index
领域	Environmental Sociology	Environmental Sociology
方法族	MCDM	MCDM
起源年份	2015	2009
提出者	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EJScreen team)	Micah B. Hahn, Anne M. Riederer & Stanley O. Foster
类型	Composite percentile index combining environmental and demographic indicators	Composite indicator of household climate vulnerability
开创性文献	U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2024). EJScreen Technical Documentation for Version 2.3. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA.	Hahn, M. B., Riederer, A. M., & Foster, S. O. (2009). The Livelihood Vulnerability Index: A pragmatic approach to assessing risks from climate variability and change-A case study in Mozambique. Global Environmental Change, 19(1), 74-88.
别名	Environmental Justice Index, EJ Composite Indicator, EJScreen Index, Cumulative Environmental Burden Index	LVI, Hahn Livelihood Vulnerability Index, LVI-IPCC, Composite Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment
相关	4	3
摘要	An EJ screening index is a composite indicator that combines an environmental burden measure with a demographic vulnerability measure to flag communities that experience both high pollution and concentrations of low-income residents and people of color. The canonical implementation is the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's EJScreen tool, whose technical documentation specifies how each environmental indicator is paired with a demographic index and converted into a nationwide percentile. The method is deliberately a screening device rather than a definitive measure: it is meant to surface places that warrant a closer look, not to settle exposure or causation. Each EJ index multiplies an environmental indicator by the gap between local and national demographic disadvantage, so that both high pollution and high vulnerability are required to score highly. Percentile ranking then makes otherwise incommensurable indicators comparable across the country. The result is a transparent, reproducible map of potential environmental justice concern.	The Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) is a composite-indicator method for assessing the vulnerability of households and communities to climate variability and change, developed by Micah Hahn, Anne Riederer and Stanley Foster in a 2009 case study in Mozambique. It is built from household survey data organized into major components — typically socio-demographic profile, livelihood strategies, social networks, health, food, water, and exposure to natural disasters and climate variability — each composed of standardized sub-indicators. These are normalized to a common scale, averaged into sub-components and weighted major components, and aggregated into an overall index. A companion formulation, the LVI-IPCC, reorganizes the same indicators into the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's contributing factors of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, offering a pragmatic, data-driven way to compare vulnerability across places and to target adaptation.