方法对比

	EDSS：Kurtzke扩展残疾状态量表	NIHSS：美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表	RMI：Rivermead 移动能力指数
领域	神经病学	神经病学	神经病学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1983	1989	1991
提出者	John F. Kurtzke	Thomas Brott and NIH Stroke Study Group	Frank Collen, Derick Wade, and Rivermead Rehabilitation Centre
类型	Clinician-rated	Clinician-rated	Clinician-observed performance test
开创性文献	Kurtzke, J. F. (1983). Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: An expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology, 33(11), 1444-1452.	Brott, T., Adams, H. P., Olinger, C. P., et al. (1989). Measurements of acute cerebral infarction: A clinical examination scale. Stroke, 20(7), 864-870.	Collen, F. M., Wade, D. T., Robb, G. F., Bradshaw, C. M. (1991). The Rivermead Mobility Index: A further development of the Rivermead Motor Assessment. International Disability Studies, 13(2), 50-54.
别名	Expanded Disability Status Scale	NIH Stroke Scale	Rivermead Mobility Index
相关	4	5	5
摘要	The EDSS is the most widely used clinical disability rating scale in multiple sclerosis research and practice. Developed by John Kurtzke in 1983, it provides a 0-10 ordinal scale capturing disease severity across eight neurological functional systems and functional status. The EDSS remains the primary endpoint in MS clinical trials and longitudinal cohort studies, with decades of prognostic and comparative data worldwide.	The NIHSS is the standard acute stroke severity assessment tool used in emergency departments, stroke centers, and clinical trials worldwide. Developed by the NIH Stroke Study Group in 1989, the 15-item scale provides rapid, reproducible quantification of acute neurological deficit from ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. NIHSS scores inform thrombolytic and thrombectomy eligibility, predict outcomes, and serve as primary endpoint in stroke intervention trials.	The Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI) is a brief, clinician-observed performance test of basic mobility abilities developed for assessing stroke and neurological rehabilitation outcomes. Published in 1991 by Frank Collen and colleagues at Rivermead Rehabilitation Centre (Oxford, UK), the 15-item index measures bed mobility, sitting/standing balance, transfers, and ambulation. The RMI is widely used in stroke units and rehabilitation settings to track functional recovery and predict discharge outcomes.