方法对比
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| 动态规划× | 整数规划× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 优化 | 优化 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1957 | 1958 |
| 提出者≠ | Richard Bellman | Ralph Gomory (cutting planes, 1958); land-and-doig branch-and-bound (1960) |
| 类型≠ | Exact combinatorial optimization via recursive decomposition | Mathematical optimisation — exact combinatorial method |
| 开创性文献≠ | Bellman, R. (1957). Dynamic Programming. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0-691-07951-6 | Wolsey, L.A. (1998). Integer Programming. Wiley. ISBN: 9780471283669 |
| 别名≠ | DP, Bellman's Principle of Optimality, Recursive Optimization, Dinamik Programlama | IP, MIP, mixed-integer programming, mixed-integer linear programming |
| 相关≠ | 3 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Dynamic Programming (DP) is an exact optimization technique introduced by Richard Bellman in 1957 for solving multi-stage decision problems. It decomposes a complex problem into simpler, overlapping subproblems, solves each subproblem once, and stores the results to avoid redundant computation. Grounded in the Principle of Optimality, DP guarantees globally optimal solutions whenever the problem exhibits overlapping subproblems and optimal substructure. | Integer programming (IP), also called mixed-integer programming (MIP) when only some variables are restricted to whole numbers, is a branch of mathematical optimisation in which some or all decision variables must take integer or binary values. Building on linear programming, it was formalised through Ralph Gomory's cutting-plane method (1958) and the Land-and-Doig branch-and-bound algorithm (1960), and it has since become the standard exact framework for scheduling, assignment, routing, and resource-allocation problems. |
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