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| 杜克大学宗教指数 (DUREL)× | 宗教性量表（内在-外在型，I/E量表）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 宗教心理学 | 宗教心理学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 2010 | 1967 |
| 提出者≠ | Harold G. Koenig & Arndt Büssing | Gordon W. Allport & J. Michael Ross |
| 类型 | Self-report | Self-report |
| 开创性文献≠ | Koenig, H. G., & Büssing, A. (2010). The Duke University Religion Index (DUREL): A five-item measure for use in epidemical studies. Religions, 1(1), 78–85. DOI ↗ | Allport, G. W., & Ross, J. M. (1967). Personal religious orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 5(4), 432–443. DOI ↗ |
| 别名≠ | DUREL | I/E Scale, Allport-Ross Scale |
| 相关 | 4 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | The DUREL is a brief, five-item self-report measure of religious involvement developed by Koenig and Büssing in 2010. Designed specifically for epidemiological and health services research, it captures three dimensions of religiosity: organizational religious activity (church attendance), non-organizational religious activity (private prayer and study), and intrinsic religiosity (religious motivation and meaning). The scale is widely used in gerontology, medical sociology, and health outcomes research to assess how religious engagement correlates with physical and mental well-being. | The I/E Scale, originally developed by Allport and Ross in 1967, is a foundational measure in the psychology of religion that distinguishes between two motivational orientations toward religion: intrinsic (religion as end in itself, source of meaning) versus extrinsic (religion as means to social, personal, or practical ends). This conceptual distinction has profoundly influenced decades of research on religious prejudice, moral behavior, and health outcomes. The original 20-item version has been refined to a 14-item form (I/E-Revised) that improves psychometric properties while maintaining theoretical clarity. |
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