方法对比

	双盲所罗门四组设计	对照组实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1949 (Solomon design); double-blind blinding integrated in 20th-century experimental practice	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)
提出者	Richard L. Solomon (base design); double-blind protocol is a general methodological standard	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley
类型	True experimental design	Experimental research design
开创性文献	Solomon, R. L. (1949). An extension of control group design. Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 137–150.	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
别名	double-blind S4GD, blinded Solomon design, double-blind four-group design, Solomon four-group with double-blind	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design
相关	5	4
摘要	The double-blind Solomon four-group design combines Richard Solomon's classic four-group structure — which isolates pretest sensitization effects — with double-blind blinding, ensuring that neither participants nor outcome assessors know group assignments. This combination yields high internal validity by controlling simultaneously for testing effects, expectancy bias, and experimenter influence, making it one of the most rigorous true experimental designs available.	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.