方法对比

	双盲前后测实验设计	前测-后测实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century (combined form widely adopted 1960s onward)	1963 (formalized in Campbell & Stanley)
提出者	Campbell & Stanley (formalized pretest-posttest design, 1963); double-blind blinding convention developed in clinical pharmacology (19th-20th century)	Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley
类型	True experimental design	Experimental / quasi-experimental research design
开创性文献	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. In N. L. Gage (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Teaching (pp. 171-246). Rand McNally.	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
别名	DB-pretest-posttest design, double-blind pre-post design, masked pretest-posttest RCT, double-masked pre-post experiment	pretest-posttest design, before-after design, pre-post design, two-wave experimental design
相关	5	5
摘要	The double-blind pretest-posttest experimental design is a true experiment in which participants are randomly assigned to treatment and control conditions, outcome data are collected both before and after the intervention, and neither participants nor outcome assessors know which condition each participant received. Combining baseline measurement with strong blinding, the design controls for both pre-existing group differences and expectancy-driven bias, making it a gold-standard approach in clinical and behavioral research.	The pretest-posttest experimental design measures participants on the outcome variable before and after treatment, typically with random assignment to treatment and control groups. The difference between pre- and post-scores isolates the treatment effect from baseline variation, making this one of the most widely used frameworks in experimental and quasi-experimental research across education, psychology, medicine, and the social sciences.