方法对比

	双盲实验室实验	单盲实验室实验
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century (widespread adoption ~1950s onward)	Late 19th century; codified in 20th-century clinical and behavioral research
提出者	Rooted in 19th-century pharmacological and psychological research traditions; systematized in clinical and experimental science through the 20th century	Formalized in experimental psychology and pharmacology; Peirce & Jastrow (1884) early instance
类型	Controlled experimental design with blinding	Controlled experimental design
开创性文献	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560	Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560
别名	double-blind lab experiment, double-masked laboratory experiment, DB lab experiment, double-blind controlled lab study	single-masked laboratory study, participant-blind lab experiment, single-blind controlled lab study
相关	5	5
摘要	A double-blind laboratory experiment is a controlled experimental design conducted in a laboratory setting in which neither the participants nor the researchers directly administering the treatment know which condition each participant has been assigned to. This dual blinding, combined with the high degree of environmental control characteristic of laboratory settings, minimizes both participant expectancy effects and experimenter bias, making it one of the most rigorous designs available for isolating causal relationships between independent and dependent variables.	A single-blind laboratory experiment is a controlled study conducted in a laboratory setting in which participants do not know which condition (e.g., treatment or control) they have been assigned to, while the researchers administering the conditions are aware. This masking of participants reduces demand characteristics and response bias without requiring full investigator blinding, and the controlled laboratory environment allows tight manipulation of independent variables and precise measurement of outcomes.