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| 数字对象标识符系统× | ORCID 研究者标识符× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 研究技能 | 研究技能 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1998 (concept); 2001 (widespread adoption) | 2010 (founding); 2012 (launch) |
| 提出者≠ | Norman Paskin, CrossRef and International DOI Foundation (1998) | ORCID Inc., a non-profit founded in 2010 by Liz Haak and others |
| 类型 | Standard | Standard |
| 开创性文献≠ | Paskin, N. (2010). Digital Object Identifier (DOI) system. Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, 3rd ed., 1586–1592. ISBN: 978-0-8493-9712-7 | Haak, L. L., Fenner, M., Paglione, L., Pentz, E., & Ratner, H. (2012). ORCID: A system to uniquely identify researchers. Learn. Publ., 25(4), 259–264. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | DOI, Digital Object Identifier, persistent identifier | ORCID, researcher identifier, ORCID iD |
| 相关 | 4 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a unique, persistent alphanumeric code that identifies a scholarly work (journal article, book chapter, dataset, preprint) and persists even if the URL changes. Introduced in 1998 by Norman Paskin and the International DOI Foundation, DOIs are now standard in academic publishing. They consist of a prefix (assigned to a publisher or organization) and a suffix (assigned to an individual work), formatted as 10.XXXX/XXXXX (e.g., 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097). DOIs are registered with international agencies (CrossRef, DataCite, mEDRA) and resolve through the centralized resolver https://doi.org/, ensuring that a DOI will direct users to the correct article regardless of whether the publisher's website changes location. | ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) is a free, unique, persistent 16-digit identifier assigned to researchers that distinguishes them from others with the same or similar names. Launched in 2012 by ORCID Inc., a non-profit organization, the ORCID system addresses a critical problem in scholarly communication: name ambiguity. Millions of researchers worldwide share names (e.g., 'Smith, J.'). Without a unique identifier, citations and publications are difficult to attribute correctly, author H-indices are miscalculated, and researchers are credit for work they did not do. An ORCID iD is free, permanent, and owned by the researcher; it persists regardless of affiliation changes or career transitions. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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