方法对比

	基于文档的项目评估	案例法分析
领域	田野方法	田野方法
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1960s–1970s (program evaluation field); document review as formal strategy codified in 1980s–1990s	Medieval English common law; academic formalisation 19th–20th century
提出者	Daniel Stufflebeam; Peter Rossi and Howard Freeman (systematic program evaluation tradition)	Common law tradition (England); systematised in Anglo-American jurisprudence
类型	Evaluation research design	Qualitative legal research method
开创性文献	Stufflebeam, D. L., & Shinkfield, A. J. (2007). Evaluation Theory, Models, and Applications. Jossey-Bass. ISBN: 978-0787908331	Hutchinson, T. (2010). Researching and Writing in Law (3rd ed.). Thomson Reuters. ISBN: 9780455227689
别名	documentary program evaluation, records-based evaluation, document review evaluation, archival program evaluation	judicial decision analysis, legal case analysis, jurisprudential analysis, case-based legal research
相关	6	6
摘要	Document-based program evaluation is a systematic approach to assessing a program's design, implementation, and outcomes using existing documentary evidence — such as policy statements, implementation reports, budgets, meeting minutes, and program artifacts — rather than primary data collection through interviews or observation. It is particularly suited to retrospective evaluations, accountability reviews, and contexts where direct fieldwork is impractical or infeasible.	Case law analysis is a systematic method for examining judicial decisions to identify binding legal rules, evolving doctrines, and interpretive trends. Rooted in the common law tradition of stare decisis, it requires the researcher to locate the ratio decidendi — the binding reasoning — of each decision, distinguish it from obiter dicta, and trace how that reasoning has been applied, distinguished, or overruled across subsequent cases. The method is fundamental to legal scholarship, litigation strategy, and law reform research.