方法对比

	Crime Displacement and Diffusion Analysis	Situational Crime Prevention Analysis
领域	Criminology	Criminology
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2003	1997
提出者	Kate Bowers & Shane Johnson	Ronald V. Clarke
类型	Quasi-experimental spatial impact assessment of crime prevention	Opportunity-reduction framework for crime prevention
开创性文献	Bowers, K. J., & Johnson, S. D. (2003). Measuring the geographical displacement and diffusion of benefit effects of crime prevention activity. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 19(3), 275–301.	Clarke, R. V. (Ed.). (1997). Situational Crime Prevention: Successful Case Studies (2nd ed.). Harrow and Heston. ISBN: 9780911577389
别名	Crime Displacement Analysis, Diffusion of Benefits Analysis, Weighted Displacement Quotient, WDQ Analysis	SCP, Situational Prevention, Opportunity-Reduction Framework, Twenty-Five Techniques of Situational Crime Prevention
相关	4	4
摘要	Displacement and diffusion analysis evaluates what happens around a crime-prevention intervention: does crime simply move to nearby areas, times, or targets (displacement), or do the benefits spill over so that crime also falls in surrounding untreated areas (diffusion of benefits)? Bowers and Johnson's weighted displacement quotient (WDQ) provides a simple, widely used metric that compares pre/post crime change in a target area, a surrounding buffer, and a control area.	Situational crime prevention (SCP) is a framework, developed by Ronald Clarke, for reducing crime by changing the immediate situations in which it occurs rather than the dispositions of offenders. It diagnoses the specific opportunities that make a crime easy, rewarding, or low-risk and then applies twenty-five practical techniques organized under five mechanisms: increase effort, increase risk, reduce rewards, reduce provocations, and remove excuses.