方法对比

	媒体话语分析	接收分析
领域	媒介研究	媒介研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1978	1972
提出者	Michel Foucault, Norman Fairclough	Hans Robert Jauss, Stuart Hall
类型	Method for examining how discourse in media constructs meaning, identity, and power relations	Method for investigating how audiences actively interpret media content and create meanings
开创性文献	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.	Jauss, H. R. (1982). Toward an Aesthetic of Reception (T. Bahti, Trans.). University of Minnesota Press.
别名	critical discourse analysis, media discourse analysis, CDA	reception studies, audience analysis, reception theory
相关	5	5
摘要	Discourse Analysis in Media is a method for examining how media texts use language, images, and communication patterns to construct meanings, shape identities, and perpetuate or challenge power relations. Developed from linguistic analysis and critical theory—particularly Michel Foucault's concept of discourse as a system of knowledge-production and Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis (CDA) framework—the method reveals how what appears as neutral information or entertainment actually participates in maintaining or challenging social hierarchies and ideologies. The method is specifically concerned with how discourse operates politically: what it makes possible to think and say, whom it privileges, and what alternatives it renders invisible.	Reception Analysis is a methodological approach to studying media that focuses on how audiences actively interpret, engage with, and create meanings from media content rather than passively consuming predetermined messages. Developed from literary reception aesthetics and adapted to media studies by scholars like Stuart Hall, Ien Ang, and David Morley, the method examines the gap between what media texts 'offer' and what audiences actually make of them. Recognition that the same media content can be understood very differently by different viewers or readers revolutionized media studies, shifting focus from textual analysis alone to investigating the social, cultural, and personal contexts shaping interpretation.