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| 诊断准确性研究设计× | 队列研究设计× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 临床研究 | 临床研究 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 2003-2015 | 1970s-1980s |
| 提出者≠ | Bossuyt, Reitsma, and STARD group (2003); clinical epidemiology pioneers | Donald Acheson, Olli Miettinen, and others in modern epidemiology |
| 类型 | Research Design | Research Design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., ... & de Vet, H. C. (2003). Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Annals of Internal Medicine, 138(1), 40–44. DOI ↗ | Miettinen, O. S. (1976). Estimability and estimation in case-referent studies. American Journal of Epidemiology, 103(2), 226–235. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | diagnostic accuracy study, test accuracy, STARD, diagnostic evaluation | prospective study, follow-up study, longitudinal study, cohort study |
| 相关 | 2 | 2 |
| 摘要≠ | A diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well a new diagnostic test (or biomarker, imaging modality, clinical assessment) detects the presence or absence of disease compared to a reference standard (gold standard). Standardized since 2003 by the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) initiative, diagnostic accuracy studies are fundamental to clinical medicine, determining whether and how new tests can improve patient diagnosis and treatment. | A cohort study follows a group of individuals forward in time from exposure to outcome. Exposed and unexposed participants (or participants with differing exposure levels) are enrolled at baseline, characterized, and observed prospectively until the outcome occurs or the study ends. Cohort studies are fundamental to epidemiology and are the design of choice for establishing causal associations when randomized trials are infeasible or unethical. |
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