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| 目的地形象量表× | 地点依恋量表× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 旅游管理 | 旅游管理 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1991 | 1992 |
| 提出者≠ | Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. R. B. | Williams, D. R.; Vaske, J. J. |
| 类型≠ | Self-report questionnaire / Semantic differential scale | Self-report questionnaire |
| 开创性文献≠ | Baloglu, S., & Brinberg, D. (1997). Affective images of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 35(4), 11-15. DOI ↗ | Williams, D. R., & Vaske, J. J. (1992). The measurement of place attachment: Valid and reliable instruments for natural environments. Society and Natural Resources, 15(3), 271-280. link ↗ |
| 别名 | DIS, Destination Perception Scale | PAS, Destination Attachment Scale |
| 相关 | 5 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | The Destination Image Scale (DIS) measures how potential or actual visitors perceive and emotionally evaluate a tourism destination. Developed by Echtner & Ritchie (1991) and extended by Baloglu & Brinberg (1997), it captures both rational beliefs about destination attributes (attractions, climate, value, safety) and affective emotional responses (excitement, pleasantness, arousal). Destination image is a primary driver of visitation intention and repeat patronage, making the DIS essential for destination marketing strategy and competitive positioning. | The Place Attachment Scale (PAS), developed by Williams & Vaske (1992) and refined by Jorgensen & Stedman (2001), measures individuals' emotional and functional bonds to destinations—the extent to which places become integral to identity and sense of belonging. Comprising dimensions of place identity (destination as self-definition), place dependence (destination optimizes one's activities), emotional bonds (love, comfort), and community belonging, the PAS distinguishes deep loyalty-drivers from transactional satisfaction. Essential for understanding repeat visitation, community tourism governance, heritage conservation, and destination branding strategies that cultivate belonging. |
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