方法对比

	交叉单被试实验设计	多基线设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1980s (single-case crossover formalized in behavioral research context)	1968
提出者	Developed within the single-case research tradition; crossover application formalized by Barlow and Hersen and expanded by Kazdin	Donald M. Baer, Montrose M. Wolf, Todd R. Risley
类型	Experimental single-subject design	Single-subject experimental design
开创性文献	Kazdin, A. E. (2011). Single-Case Research Designs: Methods for Clinical and Applied Settings (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195341881	Baer, D. M., Wolf, M. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Some current dimensions of applied behavior analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1(1), 91–97.
别名	crossover SSED, alternating-treatments crossover design, single-case crossover design, N-of-1 crossover design	MBD, multiple-baseline single-case design, staggered baseline design, multiple-probe design
相关	4	4
摘要	The crossover single-subject experimental design (crossover SSED) applies two or more treatment conditions sequentially to the same individual, with a washout or return-to-baseline period between conditions. Because each participant serves as their own control, between-subject variability is eliminated, enabling precise causal inference about treatment effects even with very small samples — often a single participant. This design is widely used in applied behavior analysis, special education, rehabilitation, and clinical psychology.	The multiple baseline design is a single-subject experimental design that demonstrates functional control by introducing an intervention at staggered time points across two or more baselines — typically across different behaviors, individuals, or settings. Because no withdrawal of treatment is required, it is especially suitable when the target behavior is irreversible or when removing an effective intervention would be unethical.