方法对比

	交叉对照组实验设计	对照组实验设计
领域	实验设计	实验设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century; systematic treatment from 1980s onward	1935 (Fisher); 1963 (Campbell & Stanley codification)
提出者	Established in clinical pharmacology and agricultural research; formalized by B. Jones & M. G. Kenward	Ronald A. Fisher; systematised by Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley
类型	Experimental design	Experimental research design
开创性文献	Jones, B., & Kenward, M. G. (2003). Design and Analysis of Cross-Over Trials (2nd ed.). Chapman and Hall/CRC. ISBN: 978-1584883500	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally.
别名	crossover controlled trial, within-subject crossover with control, AB/BA crossover controlled design, repeated-measures crossover with control arm	controlled experiment, true experimental design, randomized controlled design, treatment-control design
相关	6	4
摘要	A crossover control group experimental design is an experimental approach in which participants are randomly assigned to sequences of conditions that include both a treatment and a control (no-treatment or placebo) period, with each participant experiencing both the experimental and control conditions in succession. By using each participant as their own control across periods, this design sharply reduces between-subject variability and typically requires fewer participants than parallel group trials to achieve equivalent statistical power.	Control group experimental design is a fundamental experimental structure in which participants are assigned to at least two groups — a treatment group that receives the intervention and a control group that does not — so that the effect of the intervention can be isolated by comparing outcomes across groups. Randomisation of assignment strengthens causal inference by balancing known and unknown confounders.