方法对比

	批判性口述史	口述史
领域	质性	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1970s–1990s (critical turn within oral history)	1948 (modern disciplinary form); broader roots in 19th-century folklore and anthropology
提出者	Alessandro Portelli; also Ronald Grele and the broader oral history movement	Allan Nevins (Columbia University Oral History Project, 1948); earlier roots in folk-life and anthropological fieldwork
类型	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
开创性文献	Portelli, A. (1991). The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History. State University of New York Press. ISBN: 978-0791405703	Ritchie, D. A. (2003). Doing Oral History: A Practical Guide (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0195176957
别名	critical oral inquiry, critical oral testimony research, critical oral narrative research, COH	life history interview, oral testimony, spoken history, oral narrative research
相关	5	6
摘要	Critical oral history applies a critical theory lens to the collection and analysis of first-person spoken accounts of lived experience. It goes beyond preserving personal memory to interrogate how power, identity, race, class, gender, and structural inequality shape what is remembered, what is silenced, and how stories are told. Originating in the work of Alessandro Portelli and the critical turn in oral history from the 1970s onward, the approach treats oral testimony not simply as evidence of the past but as a site of meaning-making and political contestation.	Oral history is a qualitative research method that collects, preserves, and interprets first-person spoken accounts of past events, experiences, and social processes. By recording in-depth interviews with individuals who witnessed or participated in historical events, oral historians document perspectives that written records often exclude. The method bridges historical scholarship and social science, treating the narrator's memory, subjectivity, and voice as primary evidence rather than as limitations to be corrected.