方法对比
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| 控制图× | 过程能力分析 (Cp, Cpk)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 实验设计 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1924 (first use); 1931 (seminal book) | 1986 |
| 提出者≠ | Walter A. Shewhart (Bell Labs) | Victor Kane |
| 类型≠ | Statistical monitoring and control technique | Quantitative process evaluation index |
| 开创性文献≠ | Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. Van Nostrand. link ↗ | Kane, V. E. (1986). Process capability indices. Journal of Quality Technology, 18(1), 41–52. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | Shewhart chart, process-behavior chart, SPC chart, quality control chart | Process Capability Indices, Capability Study, Süreç Yeterlilik Analizi, Process Performance Analysis |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 2 |
| 摘要≠ | A control chart is a time-series graph with statistically derived upper and lower control limits that separates the natural, random variation of a process (common cause) from unusual, assignable variation (special cause). Invented by Walter Shewhart at Bell Labs in 1924, control charts remain the foundational tool of Statistical Process Control and are used across manufacturing, healthcare, software, and service industries to monitor whether a process remains stable and predictable over time. | Process Capability Analysis quantifies how well a manufacturing or business process produces output within specified tolerance limits. Introduced formally by Victor Kane in 1986, it summarises process spread and centering into dimensionless indices — most notably Cp and Cpk — allowing engineers and quality managers to judge whether a stable process is inherently capable of meeting customer or design specifications consistently. |
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