方法对比

	内容分析	扎根理论	调查研究	主题分析
领域	质性	质性研究	研究设计	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Systematised through Krippendorff's methodology work; 4th edition 2018	1967	Late 19th century; methodologically systematised 1940s–1960s	2006
提出者	Klaus Krippendorff (systematic formulation); roots in early 20th-century communications research	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	Francis Galton, Charles Booth, and early social statisticians; systematised by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues at Columbia in the 1940s	Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke
类型	Qualitative / mixed-method research technique	Method	Quantitative (and mixed) non-experimental design	Method
开创性文献	Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506395661	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	Fowler, F. J. (2014). Survey Research Methods (5th ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1452259000	Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
别名	İçerik Analizi, systematic content coding, quantitative content analysis	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	survey methodology, questionnaire research, survey design, survey study	TA, Reflexive Thematic Analysis
相关	5	3	4	3
摘要	Content analysis is a systematic research technique for reducing text, visual, or media material into coded categories so that patterns can be counted, compared, and interpreted. Formalised by Klaus Krippendorff in his widely cited methodology textbook (latest edition 2018), the method sits at the boundary of qualitative and quantitative inquiry: it imposes structured, replicable coding on inherently meaning-laden material.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Survey research is a quantitative (and sometimes mixed-methods) design in which a researcher collects standardised self-report data from a sample drawn from a defined population, using a questionnaire or structured interview. It is the dominant non-experimental strategy for describing population characteristics, estimating prevalence, mapping attitude distributions, and testing bivariate or multivariate associations across social, behavioural, and health sciences.	Thematic Analysis (TA) is a qualitative research methodology for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) in qualitative data. Developed systematically by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke (2006), TA is flexible and accessible, applicable across diverse theoretical frameworks and data types, making it one of the most widely used qualitative methods in psychology, health research, and social sciences.