方法对比

	并行三角混合方法设计	探索性序列混合方法设计
领域	研究设计	研究设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2007 (formally named in Creswell & Plano Clark, 1st ed.)	1990s–2000s (codified by ~2007)
提出者	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark
类型	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
开创性文献	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1412975179	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1483344379
别名	convergent parallel design, triangulation design, QUAN+QUAL concurrent design, simultaneous triangulation	QUAL → QUAN design, exploratory sequential design, instrument-development design, theory-building mixed methods
相关	5	6
摘要	The concurrent triangulation mixed methods design collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously, analyzes each strand independently, and then merges the results to assess whether the two data sources corroborate one another. Often called the convergent parallel design, it is one of the foundational configurations in mixed methods research and is chosen specifically when the researcher wants to cross-validate or triangulate findings from two distinct methodological traditions.	The exploratory sequential mixed methods design is a two-phase research framework in which a qualitative phase is conducted first to explore a poorly understood phenomenon, and the findings then inform a subsequent quantitative phase — typically to develop and test a survey instrument, measure a theory, or generalize qualitative insights to a larger population. The qualitative strand guides what is measured; the quantitative strand tests or extends those findings at scale.