方法对比

	并行实用混合方法	并发转型混合方法
领域	研究设计	研究设计
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000s–2010s	2000s (formalized ~2007–2009)
提出者	John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark; philosophical grounding by R. Burke Johnson & Anthony Onwuegbuzie	Donna M. Mertens; John W. Creswell & Vicki L. Plano Clark
类型	Mixed methods research design	Mixed methods research design
开创性文献	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379	Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2018). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN: 978-1483344379
别名	concurrent pragmatic design, pragmatic concurrent mixed methods, simultaneous pragmatic mixed methods	concurrent transformative design, simultaneous transformative mixed methods, parallel transformative design, transformative concurrent design
相关	6	5
摘要	Concurrent pragmatic mixed methods is a research design that collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously within a pragmatic philosophical framework. Rather than privileging either positivism or constructivism, the pragmatic stance selects methods based on what best answers the research question. Both data strands are gathered in parallel, then merged at the interpretation stage to provide a fuller picture than either strand alone could yield.	Concurrent transformative mixed methods design collects quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously, guided by a transformative theoretical lens — such as feminist, critical race, disability, or indigenous frameworks — that foregrounds equity, power, and social change. The design gives either strand equal or unequal priority, but both strands are explicitly shaped by the transformative worldview. Findings are merged or compared to generate actionable insights that advocate for marginalized communities.