方法对比

	Concentric Zone Model	Central Place Analysis
领域	Urban Studies	Human Geography
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1925	1933
提出者	Ernest W. Burgess (Chicago School)	Walter Christaller
类型	Descriptive urban-ecology model of concentric land-use and social zones	Theory and analytic framework for the size, number, and spacing of settlements
开创性文献	Park, R. E., Burgess, E. W., & McKenzie, R. D. (1925). The City. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 9780226646114	Christaller, W. (1966). Central Places in Southern Germany (C. W. Baskin, Trans.). Prentice-Hall. (Original work published 1933). ISBN: 9780131226302
别名	Burgess Model, Concentric Ring Model, Burgess Concentric Zone Theory, Urban Ecology Zonal Model	Central Place Theory, Christaller Central Place Model, Settlement Hierarchy Analysis, Central Place Hierarchy
相关	4	4
摘要	The concentric zone model, formulated by sociologist Ernest Burgess of the Chicago School in the 1920s, describes the city as a set of concentric rings of land use and social structure expanding outward from a central business district. Each ring — from the commercial core, through a transitional zone of factories and tenements, to successive rings of workers' homes, better residences, and commuters — represents a stage in the city's outward growth. Published in the 1925 volume The City, it was the first influential model of urban spatial structure and treated the city through the lens of human ecology, with zones competing and invading one another like species in an ecosystem.	Central place analysis is the study of the size, number, and spacing of settlements as service centres, grounded in Walter Christaller's central place theory of 1933. It explains why settlements form an orderly hierarchy — many small villages, fewer towns, a handful of cities — and why higher-order centres are spaced farther apart and offer more specialized goods, deriving the famous nested pattern of hexagonal market areas from two economic concepts: the range and the threshold of a good.