方法对比

	比较法分析	案例法分析
领域	田野方法	田野方法
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Late 19th century; formalised 1900	Medieval English common law; academic formalisation 19th–20th century
提出者	Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (early conceptualisation); Raymond Saleilles and Édouard Lambert (modern discipline, 1900 Paris Congress)	Common law tradition (England); systematised in Anglo-American jurisprudence
类型	Qualitative legal research method	Qualitative legal research method
开创性文献	Zweigert, K., & Kötz, H. (1998). An Introduction to Comparative Law (3rd ed., T. Weir, Trans.). Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0198268598	Hutchinson, T. (2010). Researching and Writing in Law (3rd ed.). Thomson Reuters. ISBN: 9780455227689
别名	comparative law, legal comparison, comparative jurisprudence, CLA	judicial decision analysis, legal case analysis, jurisprudential analysis, case-based legal research
相关	6	6
摘要	Comparative legal analysis is a structured research method that examines how two or more legal systems — whether national, regional, or supranational — address a common legal problem. By placing rules, doctrines, and judicial decisions side by side, researchers identify convergences, divergences, and the underlying societal, historical, and political forces that shape legal solutions. The method is foundational to law reform, harmonisation efforts, treaty drafting, and academic legal scholarship.	Case law analysis is a systematic method for examining judicial decisions to identify binding legal rules, evolving doctrines, and interpretive trends. Rooted in the common law tradition of stare decisis, it requires the researcher to locate the ratio decidendi — the binding reasoning — of each decision, distinguish it from obiter dicta, and trace how that reasoning has been applied, distinguished, or overruled across subsequent cases. The method is fundamental to legal scholarship, litigation strategy, and law reform research.